To counter the setback to Darwin's theory, neo-Darwinists propose fantastic new scenarios
The crisis surrounding Darwin’s theory deepened because of the laws of genetics discovered in the first quarter of the 20th century CE. An Austrian monk, Gregor
Mendel, published his work in the proceedings of the local society of
naturalists in BrĂ¼nn, Austria (now Brno, Czech Republic), in 1866 CE,
but none of his contemporaries appreciated its significance. It was not
until 1900 CE, 16 years after Mendel's death, that his work was
rediscovered independently by Hugo de Vries in Holland, Carl Erich Correns in Germany, and Erich Tschermak von Seysenegg in Austria.
Like
several investigators before him, Mendel experimented on hybrids of
different varieties of a plant. Mendel investigated the common pea plant
(Pisum sativum).
His methods differed in two essential respects from those of his
predecessors. First, instead of trying to describe the appearance of
whole plants with all their characteristics, Mendel followed the
inheritance of single, easily visible and distinguishable traits, such
as round versus wrinkled seed, yellow versus green seed, purple versus
white flowers, etc. Second, he made exact counts of the numbers of
plants bearing this or that trait; it was from such quantitative data
that he deduced the rules governing inheritance.
Nevertheless,
a group of scientists who were determined to remain loyal to Darwin
endeavoured to come up with solutions. They came together at a meeting
organized by the Geological Society of America in 1941 CE. Geneticists
such as G. Ledyard Stebbins and Theodosius Dobzhansky, zoologists such
as Ernst Mayr and Julian Huxley, paleontologists such as George Gaylord
Simpson and Glenn L. Jepsen and mathematical geneticists such as Ronald
Fisher and Sewall Right, after long discussions finally agreed on ways
to “patch up” Darwinism.
This
cadre focused on the question of the origin of the advantageous
variations that supposedly caused living organisms to evolve – an issue
that Darwin himself was unable to explain but simply tried to side-step
-- by depending on Lamarck. The idea they now focused on, was “random
mutations”. They named this new theory “The Modern Synthetic Evolution
Theory”, which was formulated by adding the concept of mutation to
Darwin’s natural selection thesis. In a short time, this theory came to
be known as “neo-Darwinism” and those who put forward the theory were
called “neo-Darwinists”.
The
following decades were to become an era of desperate attempts to prove
neo-Darwinism. It was already known that mutations – or “accidents” –
that took place in the genes of living organisms were always harmful.
Neo-Darwinists tried to establish a case for “advantageous mutation” by
carrying out thousands of mutation experiments. All their attempts ended
in complete failure.
They
also tried to prove that the first living organisms could have
originated by chance under primitive terrestrial conditions that the
theory posited but the same failure attended these experiments too.
Every experiment that sought to prove that life could be generated by
chance failed. Probability calculations prove that not even a single
protein, the building-blocks of life, could have originated by chance.
And the cell -- which supposedly emerged by chance under primitive and
uncontrolled terrestrial conditions according to evolutionists – could
not be synthesized by even the most sophisticated laboratories of the 20th century CE.
Neo-Darwinist
theory is also defeated by fossil records. No “transitional forms”,
which were supposed to show the gradual evolution of living organisms
from primitive to advanced species as the neo-Darwinist theory claimed,
have ever been found anywhere in the world. At the same time,
comparative anatomy revealed that species that were supposed to have
evolved from one another had in fact very different anatomical features
and that they could never have been ancestors or descendants of each
other.
Neo-Darwinism
was never a scientific theory anyway, but was an ideological dogma that
was elevated to the status of a pseudo “religion” by evolution
scientists. This is why the champions of the theory of evolution still
go on defending it in spite of all the evidence to the contrary.
However, they cannot agree on one point to prove the "truth" behind
Darwinism and have proposed many different models to facilitate the
realization of evolution as the “right” one. One of the most important
of these models is the fantastic scenario known as “punctuated
equilibrium”.
Even
a layman taking an objective look at the neo-Darwinist theories that
are being propagated with such fierce fanaticism, realizes how
implausible they appear. When so-called 'rational' scientists adhere to
them ignoring common-sense and scientific proof alike, one is forced to
wonder whether there is something other than Science at stake.
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